[Ger-Poland-Volhynia] DNA genetics - 2 question topics

[Karl Krueger]

Q2 mutation8839R - R means it can be A or G. Since you have two copies of each gene on your 23 chromosomes for this gene one has A in that location and the other is G. In technical terms you are a heterozygous for this allele as opposed to being a homozygous.


Please don't consider this a mutation. These are variants, or in genetic terms could be called alleles. Mutation is when your parents inherit certain gene alleles but you end up with a different gene sequence than what your parents inherited. So a mutation (change in DNA sequence) occurrs most likely in one of your parents germ cells and less likely in one of your stem cells after you were conceived.


Recombination and crossing-over relate to the same process. Crossing over refers to what the chromosomes look like and undergoes during the early phases of meiosis. Recombination is what occurs at the DNA level requiring breaking DNA strands from both chromosomes  and religating them together so that DNA strand segments get interchanged between the maternal and paternal chromosomes so you end up with mixed chromosomes where the entire length of the DNA is alternating stretches of maternal/paternal DNA sequence. 

Karl



________________________________
From: marmel <marmel at pctcnet.net>
To: ger-poland-volhynia at eclipse.sggee.org
Sent: Friday, November 11, 2011 11:14 PM
Subject: [Ger-Poland-Volhynia] DNA genetics - 2 question topics

Q1: Anyone else out there of Haplogroup J2b1a (mutation 16278T in HVR1)?

Q2: mutation 8839R - Is it a gene recombination when the mutation is letter R (rather than T, C, G, or A), and is a gene recombination the same thing as cross-over meiosis?  (Is chromosomal crossing over also known as recombination?)  Does recombination only occur when one inherits the exact same marker from both mt and Y and the markers match up at the same location and thereby cross over?  Please, if anyone can explain it to me I'd be greatfull.  Wish I was a geneticist to understand it all.

I have my full mt-DNA genomic sequence for HVR1, HVR2, & CR.  If anyone wants to compare, just email me direct at:  marmel at pctcnet.net  If we match we had a common ancestor about 12 generations back.  I think I remember reading that matches with Family Finder have a common ancestor about 6 generations back (GGGGgrandparents).  I have not paid for Family Finder yet.  Waiting to see what develops next in the DNA genealogy field.

Linda in WI
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